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"This book analyzes public administration theories from the perspective of instrumental and value rationalities. In the instrumental rationality camp are the theories of Traditional Public Administration, Privatization, New Public Management, and Holistic Governance. The theories of New Public Administration, Democratic Administration, New Public Service, and Public Value Management fall into the camp of value rationality. The eight theories are analyzed in light of the five elements of core value, assumption about human nature, methodology, role of government, and disciplinary positioning. The two camps of schools alternate in dominance in the evolution of public administration theories, presenting pendulum movements. The existing relevant research is mainly approached from the perspectives of: development stages, schools of theories, research paradigms, research routes and etc. The book presents a new perspective of the two rationalities, leaving readers with a clear understanding of the main vein of knotty evolution of the 120-odd years of Public Administration theories"--

Two explanations for terrorist organizations' behavior are offered to determine the theoretical value of these notions & how different conceptualizations of terrorist activity influence policy making. Whereas the instrumental perspective perceives terrorism as an intentional activity designed to achieve a political objective that will benefit a terrorist organization, it is stated that the organizational approach views terrorism as behavior designed to perpetuate or promote a terrorist organization while providing certain incentives to group members. Examples of both types are provided. The impact that these perspectives have on government policy making & their theoretical advantages & shortcomings are explored. The implications of combining both conceptualizations of terrorist activity for future studies of terrorism are considered. J. W. Parker

The article considers theoretical approaches to the definition of corporate social responsibility. The content and characteristics of corporate social responsibility theories (integral, instrumental, political and ethical) are presented. The author paid special attention to the group of instrumental theories in the article. Theories of strategies for achieving competitive advantages are characterized. These theories consider CSR as a tool to improve the efficiency of companies by acquiring and retaining competitive advantages. The basic theories on which theories of achieving competitive advantages are constructed are considered in the article. The author has determined the features of the use of CSR theoretical approaches in the construction of the relationship of the companies with the stakeholders.

The article considers theoretical approaches to the definition of corporate social responsibility. The content and characteristics of corporate social responsibility theories (integral, instrumental, political and ethical) are presented. The author paid special attention to the group of instrumental theories in the article. Theories of strategies for achieving competitive advantages are characterized. These theories consider CSR as a tool to improve the efficiency of companies by acquiring and retaining competitive advantages. The basic theories on which theories of achieving competitive advantages are constructed are considered in the article. The author has determined the features of the use of CSR theoretical approaches in the construction of the relationship of the companies with the stakeholders.

The article considers theoretical approaches to the definition of corporate social responsibility. The content and characteristics of corporate social responsibility theories (integral, instrumental, political and ethical) are presented. The author paid special attention to the group of instrumental theories in the article. Theories of strategies for achieving competitive advantages are characterized. These theories consider CSR as a tool to improve the efficiency of companies by acquiring and retaining competitive advantages. The basic theories on which theories of achieving competitive advantages are constructed are considered in the article. The author has determined the features of the use of CSR theoretical approaches in the construction of the relationship of the companies with the stakeholders.

Reviews a recent proliferation of Canadian social science works on communications analysis & their implications for future research directions, juxtaposing instrumentalist & social constructionist points of view. The latter appears more dominant, treating the news as part of a larger analysis of all Canadian content. The approach is critiqued, however, for lacking empirical proof of how normative values are autonomously created in the newsroom (as claimed), & for an air of unreality around the social construction of news work. Conversely, a resurgent instrumentalism sees rules of journalistic method as structurally vulnerable, especially to the power of publishers, their political-economic allies. Though neither perspective is inclined to incorporate elements of the other, a merger of the strengths of both is recommended. C. Mariani

This paper draws some bold conclusions from modest premises. My topic is an old one, the Neohumean view of practical rationality. First, I show that this view consists of two independent claims, instrumentalism and subjectivism. Most critics run these together. Instrumentalism is entailed by many theories beyond Neohumeanism, viz., by any theory that says rational actions maximize something. Second, I give a new argument against instrumentalism, using simple counterexamples. This argument systematically undermines consequentialism and rational choice theory, I show, using detailed examples of their many social science applications. There is no obvious fix.

This research assesses the empirical validity of the classic anomie theory articulated by Robert Merton and the important contemporary extension of his work encompassed in Messner and Rosenfeld's institutional anomie theory. Using a unique aggregate‐level data set, our empirical investigation reveals that, consistent with theoretical expectations, instrumental crime rates are significantly higher in areas where both a strong commitment to monetary success goals and a weak commitment to legitimate means exist. The tendency for this "goals/means" value complex to translate into higher rates of instrumental crime is reduced in the context of higher levels of welfare assistance and more frequent socializing among families. We also find that low levels of educational and economic attainment and high levels of inequality enhance the degree to which commitment to monetary success translates into instrumental crime. Overall, the findings are supportive of some claims by classic and contemporary anomie theories, but also they point to the need for further refinement of these perspectives and additional assessments of their empirical validity.